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1780 Letter from the Catholicos-Patriarch Lucas to Marcar Manuk;
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1831 Letter from the Catholicos-Patriarch Yeprem to melik
Manuchar and his brothers;
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Between about 1851 and 1881 Peter
Thomas Henry Gordon Zohrab's partial family tree (New Zealand);
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ca. 1919 Judge Edgar Zorab's tree,
based on his cousin Aviet's family tree (The Netherlands);
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1991 Armen Joseph's booklet,
including a family tree of the Manucharid meliks (The Netherlands);
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Late 20th Century family tree by Dr.
Phillip Zorab (U.K.);
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Early 21st Century very large family tree put onto Web and continuously
updated by Peter Douglas Zohrab (New
Zealand).
According to the book
by Armèn Joseph, the first known
family tree of any part of the Zohrab family was contained in
a letter dated 1st May 1831 from Catholicos-Patriarch Yeprem (1809-1835)
to melik Manuchar and his brothers. That letter informed them
that their ancestral father was "the famous melik Mangkasar",
the first melik of Yerevan of their family. Previously, in 1780,
the Catholicos-Patriarch Lucas (1780-1799) had confirmed in a letter
to "Marcar Manuk, a great-grandson of Zohrab
I in the male line" (whose descendants are the topic of this
website), that he was a descendant of the noble family of the Manuchariants.
In the pre-Napoleonic period all marriages, births
and deaths in the Christian world were registered in the parish churches
only. The public registrar was instituted by Napoleon.
Initial consultations of the church registers are required for making
a genealogical tree or for any information regarding a person.
Generally speaking, the Armenian Apostollic Church is still the registrar
in Armenian circles.
Meliks
This Islamic-Persian word is the same as the Hebrew melek
which means crowned king. However, melik
in Persian is king only.
In the old Persian Empire, the government was based on feudal
tribal and clan systems. The largest administrative unit of
the Persian State seems to have been the khanate under a Persian khan,
comparable to a vice-regent. He was a civil servant
appointed by the Persian Shah, and a tribal chieftain.
A subjugated nation - a so-called ethnic group - in a khanate
was governed by a civil servant from that ethnic group, called melik.
The melik was a member of the landed gentry of that ethnic group,
comparable to high commissioner or governor-general, appointed by
the Shah.
Armenia, Hayastan in Armenian, was comprised
of four khanates; Yerevan (Erivan), Karabagh, Nakhidjewan and Ganje
(Gandz).
It often happened that several generations of one noble family
were appointed to the high office of melik successively. His
responsibilities were (1) finance (taxation), (2) administration and
(3) justice, except death penalty.
Depending on the khan and the personality of the melik, it often
occurred that the latter behaved himself like an uncrowned king.
Various desendants (sic) of melik Mangkasar received phirmans
of appointment from Shah Seffi (1629 - 1642), Shah Abbas II (1642
-1666), Shah Suleiman (1666 - 1694) and Nadir Shah (1736 - 1747).
Certificates of nobility were issued to them by Pannu khan of Karabagh,
Ibrahim khan of Karabagh (about 1800) and Mehdi khan of Yerevan (1805).
Later Family Trees
The credit for having written the first family tree about Zohrab's
descendants ("the first Zohrab tree") should be given to
Peter Thomas Henry Gordon Zohrab. His
tree must have been written between about 1851 and 1881, since it
is addressed to his children, his eldest child was born in 1841, and
Peter died in 1881. The copy I have of it was made in 1919. According
to Maureen Kelly's book, the children
of Peter's son Constantine (in New Zealand) recited the family tree
every night at bedtime. This family tree was in Heading-plus-Paragraph
(text, rather than graphic) format, and only covered the descendants
of Peter's grandfather, Constantine.
The second known Zohrab family tree was drawn up in Armenian by
Aviet (Avetick) Carapiet Zohrabyants in 1919 (Aviet's Tree). He says
in his "Annotations as to the genealogy
of Zorabian lineage" that his grandfather, Mackertich
Zorabian, had created a "Zorabian genealogy" in 1820,
so maybe that was in fact the earliest tree. The year 1919 is significant,
in that that was also the year in which a copy/copies were made of
the earlier family tree. Perhaps both these developments were stimulated
by the Armenian
genocide (by the Turks) in 1915.
A Roman alphabet version of this tree was drawn by Judge Edgar Zorab
over five pages of a book (Edgar's Tree), of which Peter Douglas Zohrab
was sent two versions -- one by Edward van
Put and one by Kelvin Pollock.
Of these two versions, which differ in some respects, the former seems
to be more authentic, being a photocopy of the original, whereas the
latter appears to be merely a hand-drawn copy, which is unclear in
some respects.
The first of the various Zohrab family trees that the New Zealand
branch of the family ever saw was probably that which was drawn up
by Dr Phillip Zorab (1 x A3 page) on the basis of of Edgar's Tree,
and of research carried out in Iran and Armenia by Judge Edgar Zorab
(Phillip's Tree).
A much larger (7 x A3 pages) tree was drawn up by Mr. and Mrs. Kelvin
& Rosemary Pollock in the late 20th Century (Kelvin's Tree).
Peter Douglas Zohrab, in the first decade of the 21st Century, put
a searchable text version of the family tree up onto the World-Wide
Web (Peter's Tree) -- based largely on Kelvin's
Tree, but also on Edgar's Tree, and also on input from various other
sources (see Notes).
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